SAP ABAP Scripts Question and Answers Part 7
What is use of Chain and EndChain?
For calling a particular PAI module if any one of fields in a group meets a condition, we use to combine all such fields .
How to change screen dynamically?
By modifying the screen attributes.
How to capture changes on the screen fields? Same in case of table control?
We can capture changes on the screen fields using module on input and on request.
If you are validating contents of field but user want to exit from the transaction without validating contents; How to handle this scenario?
By at exit-command we can do.
How to pass field values from one screen to other screen?
By using set and get parameter id statements.
What is the difference in using COMMIT WORK within a called transaction and within a called dialog module in an existing module.
Ans.:
Transaction: It will create a new LUW and so you have to say COMMIT WORK in a called transaction for getting any of the update statements to be fruitful inside the called transaction.
Dialog module: Since no new LUW is created, COMMIT WORK is not necessary.
Which 2 transaction codes are used to manage enhancements?
Ans: SMOD and CMOD
Which enhancement is local, which is global:
Field Exits
Screen Exits
Program Exits
Menu Exits
Where can you create an enhancement to show your own F1 Help on a field?
Ans: in POH
What enhancements can be created using Cmod?
Ans: Customer Enhancements, i.e., Field Exits.
What is the code for showing a list produced in a dialog program?
Ans: Leave screen.
Leave to List-processing.
Or
Submit <program name>.
When is field Name1 transported to the program in this coding:
Process After Input.
Module ABC.
Field Name1 Module DEF.
What is the effect of SUPPRESS DIALOG in PBO?
Field Name2 Module GHI.
If an error message was raised in Module GHI, which fields would be ready for input?
Ans: The fields that are placed in CHAIN………ENDCHAIN.
In which 2 places could you set the GUI status and title bar for a modal dialog box?
What does CHAIN ....END CHAIN do?
Sometimes you want to check several fields as a group. To do this, include the fields in a FIELD statement, and enclose everything in a CHAIN-ENDCHAIN block.
Example
**** Screen flow logic: ****
CHAIN.
FIELD: SPFLI-CARRID, SPFLI-CONNID.
MODULE CHECK_FLIGHT.
ENDCHAIN.
When an error is found inside a chain, the screen is re-displayed, and all fields found anywhere in the chain are input-enabled. All non-chain fields remain disabled.
How can you test flow logic?
Check function checks the syntax,data-consisteny and screen layout of the screen.
To test the syntax, from the menu path choose screen---->check-------> syntax.
To test the data consistency, from the menu path choose screen---->check------> consistency.
To check the layout,from ythe menu path choose screen----->check----->layout.
What happens if you choose hold data option in screen atributes?
To retain data entered by a user. The system automatically displays this data if the user returns to this screen.
What happens if you enter 0 in NEXT screen attribute?
In ABAP/4 each stackable sequence of screens is a "call mode". This is important because of the way you return from a given current sequence. To terminate a call mode and return to a suspended chain, set the "next screen" to 0 and leave to it:When you return to the suspended chain, execution resumes with the statement directly following the original CALL SCREEN statement.The original sequence of screens in a transaction is itself a calling mode. The original sequence of screens in a transaction is itself a calling mode. If you LEAVE TO SCREEN 0 in this sequence (that is, without having stacked any additional call modes), you return from the transaction altogether.
How many menu titles you can have in a main menu?
You can have six menus in a menu bar.In addition to this system provides two more menus ie system and help. You can have only one menu bar for a status.
You can maintain 15 entries in a menu and upto three levels.
What is the difference between the "change on-input" and "Change on request" in the PAI of a screen?
· ON INPUT
The ABAP/4 module is called only if the field contains a value other than its initial value. This initial value is determined by the field's data type: blanks for character fields, zeroes for numerics.
· ON REQUEST
The ABAP/4 module is called only if the user has entered a value in the field value since the last screen display. The value counts as changed even if the user simply types in the value that was already there.
What are user exits? What is involved in writing them? What precautions are needed?
User defined functionality included to predefined SAP standards. Point in an SAP program where a customer's own program can be called. In contrast to customer exits, user exits allow developers to access and modify program components and data objects in the standard system. On upgrade, each user exit must be checked to ensure that it conforms to the standard system.
There are two types of user exit:
User exits that use INCLUDEs.
These are customer enhancements that are called directly in the program.
User exits that use tables.
These are used and managed using Customizing.
Should find the customer enhancements belonging to particular development class.
What are the different ways in which you can make changes to SAP standard software ?
Customizing
Enhancements to the SAP Standard
Modifications to the SAP Standard
Customer Development
What is customizing ?
Customizing is the setting of system parameters via SAP's own interface.
Why do you need enhancements ?
The standard applications do not offer some of the functionality you need. The R/3 enchancement concept allows you to add your own functionality to SAP's standard business applications.
What are the different types of enhancements ?
Enhancements using customer exits
Customers' potential requirements which are not included in the standard software are incorporated in the standard as empty modification 'shells'. Customers can then fill these with their own coding. Enhancements can relate to programs, menus and screens. Upward compatibility is assured. In other words, SAP guarantees that the jump from the standard software to the exit and the interface which call the exit will remain valid in future releases.
Enhancements to ABAP/4 Dictionary elements
These are ABAP/4 Dictionary enhancements (creation of table appends), text enhancements (customer-specific key words and documentation for data elements) and field exits (creation of additional coding for data elements).
What is customer development ?
Creating customer-specific objects within the customer name range.
What is SSCR ?
SSCR (SAP Software Change Registration) is a procedure, for registering all manual changes to SAP source coding and SAP Dictionary objects.
What is the difference between modifications and enhancements ?
Modifications mean making changes to the SAP standard functionality.
Enhancements mean adding some functionality to SAP standard functionality.
What are the disadvantages of modification ?
Modifying standard code can lead to errors
Modifications mean more work during software upgrades
What are the advantages of enhancements ?
Do not affect standard SAP source code
Do not affect software upgrades
when do you opt for modification ?
Customer exits are not available for all programs and screens within the R/3 standard applications. You can only use exits if they already exist within the SAP R/3 System . Otherwise you have to opt for modifications .
What are the various types of customer exits ?
Menu exits
Screen exits
Function module exits
Keyword exits
What is a menu exit ?
Adding items to the pulldown menus in standard R/3 applications .
13.What is a screen exit ?
Adding fields to the screens within R/3 applications. SAP creates screen exits by placing special subscreen areas within a standard R/3 screen and calling a customer subscreen from within the standard dynpro's flow logic.
What is a function module exit ?
Adding functionality to R/3 applications. Function module exits play a role in both menu and screen exits.
What is a keyword exit ?
Add documentation to the data elements of key words defined in the ABAP/4 Dictionary. The system displays this documentation whenever a user presses F1 to get online help for a screen field.
How do SAP organizes its exits ?
SAP organizes its exits in packages that are called SAP enhancements. Each SAP enhancement can contain many individual exits.
What is an add-on project ?
To take advantage of the exits available within standard R/3 applications, you need to create an add-on project. This project lets you organize the enhancement packages and exits you want to use. The add-on project also allows you to hang add-on functionality onto the exit hooks contained with SAP enhancements.